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SS.SMu.SMuLS Sublittoral mud in low or reduced salinity (lagoons)

Published date 2015-03

Shallow, typically anoxic, muddy and sandy mud sediments in areas of low or reduced, although stable, salinity (may vary annually) with largely ephemeral faunal communities. Characterised by Arenicola...


LR.HLR.FR.Him Himanthalia elongata and red seaweeds on exposed to moderately exposed lower eulittoral rock

Published date 2015-03

Exposed to moderately exposed lower eulittoral bedrock characterised by the wrack Himanthalia elongata with a dense turf of red seaweeds beneath. H. elongata may occur on tide-swept, sheltered shores ...


SS.SCS.OCS.HeloPkef Hesionura elongata and Protodorvillea kefersteini in offshore coarse sand

Published date 2015-03

Offshore (deep) circalittoral habitats with coarse sand may support populations of the interstitial polychaete Hesionura elongata with Protodorvillea kefersteini. Other notable species include the phy...


LS.LMp Littoral macrophyte-dominated sediment

Published date 2015-03

Littoral macrophyte-dominated sediment biotopes include saltmarshes on the upper shore and seagrass beds on the mid and upper shore. These higher plant-dominated communities develop mostly on sheltere...


LS.LMp.LSgr.Znol Zostera noltei beds in littoral muddy sand

Published date 2015-03

Mid and upper shore wave-sheltered muddy fine sand or sandy mud with narrow-leafed eel grass Zostera noltei at an abundance of frequent or above. It should be noted that the presence of Z. noltii as s...


LR.HLR.FT.FserTX Fucus serratus with sponges, ascidians and red seaweeds on tide-swept lower eulittoral mixed substrata

Published date 2015-03

Sheltered lower shore boulders, cobbles and pebbles on muddy sediments that are subject to enhanced tidal water movement and characterised by a species rich community. Dominant species include the spo...


LR.FLR.Rkp.G Green seaweeds (Ulva spp. and Cladophora spp.) in shallow upper shore rockpools

Published date 2015-03

Rockpools in the littoral fringe or upper eulittoral zone subject to widely fluctuating temperatures and salinity are characterised by ephemeral green alga of the genus Ulva, along with Cladophora spp...


LR.HLR.MusB.MytB Mytilus edulis and barnacles on very exposed eulittoral rock

Published date 2015-03

On very exposed to exposed rocky shores the eulittoral zone, particularly the mid and lower shore, is typically characterised by patches of small individuals of the mussel Mytilus edulis interspersed ...


CR.HCR.XFa.SpAnVt Sponges and anemones on vertical circalittoral bedrock

Published date 2015-03

This biotope is found on exposed to moderately wave exposed , vertical and overhanging, circalittoral bedrock, subject to strong through to weak tidal streams. This biotope is characterised by a mixed...


SS.SMx.IMx Infralittoral mixed sediment

Published date 2015-03

Shallow mixed (heterogeneous) sediments in fully marine or near fully marine conditions, supporting various animal-dominated communities, with relatively low proportions of seaweeds. This habitat may ...



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