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LR.FLR.Rkp.Cor.Cys Cystoseira spp. in eulittoral rockpools

Published date 2015-03

Eulittoral rockpools on exposed to moderately exposed south-western shores dominated by the brown alga Cystoseira spp. (including Cystoseira tamariscifolia), coralline crusts and Corallina officinalis...


LR.FLR.Rkp.Cor.Bif Bifurcaria bifurcata in shallow eulittoral rockpools

Published date 2015-03

Eulittoral rockpools in south-west Britain on very exposed to moderately exposed shores dominated by the brown seaweed Bifurcaria bifurcata and encrusting coralline algae and Corallina officinalis. Ke...


CR.HCR.FaT.CTub.CuSp Tubularia indivisa and cushion sponges on tide-swept turbid circalittoral bedrock

Published date 2015-03

This variant is typically found on the vertical and upper faces of strongly tide-swept, exposed circalittoral bedrock and boulders. It is commonly associated with areas where turbidity levels are high...


IR.MIR.KR Kelp and red seaweeds (moderate energy infralittoral rock)

Published date 2015-03

Infralittoral rock subject to moderate wave exposure, or moderately strong tidal streams on more sheltered coasts. On bedrock and stable boulders there is typically a narrow band of kelp Laminaria dig...


LR.FLR.CvOv.FaCr Faunal crusts on wave-surged littoral cave walls

Published date 2015-03

The inner walls of caves, predominantly in the mid shore in wave-surged conditions dominated by barnacles Semibalanus balanoides, and Verruca stroemia, with patches of encrusting sponges such as Halic...


CR.HCR.DpSp.PhaAxi Phakellia ventilabrum and Axinellid sponges on deep, wave- exposed circalittoral rock

Published date 2015-03

This biotope typically occurs on the upper faces of deep (commonly below 30m depth), wave-exposed circalittoral rock subject to negligible tidal streams. Although it occurs in exposed and very exposed...


CR Circalittoral rock (and other hard substrata)

Published date 2015-03

Circalittoral rock is present all around the coast of the United Kingdom, and is characterised by animal dominated communities (a departure from the algae dominated communities in the infralittoral zo...


CR.MCR.CSab Circalittoral Sabellaria reefs (on rock)

Published date 2015-03

This biotope complex occurs on moderately wave-exposed, circalittoral bedrock, boulders and cobbles subject to moderately strong tidal streams. It is characterised by dense crusts of the polychaete Sa...


SS.SMu.SMuVS Sublittoral mud in variable salinity (estuaries)

Published date 2015-03

Shallow sublittoral muds, extending from the extreme lower shore into the subtidal in variable salinity (estuarine) conditions. Such habitats typically support communities characterised by oligochaete...


SS.SMx.IMx.CreAsAn Crepidula fornicata with ascidians and anemones on infralittoral coarse mixed sediment

Published date 2015-03

Medium-coarse sands with gravel, shells, pebbles and cobbles on moderately exposed coasts may support populations of the slipper limpet Crepidula fornicata with ascidians and anemones. C. fornicata is...



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