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SS.SMu.SMuLS Sublittoral mud in low or reduced salinity (lagoons)

Published date 2015-03

Shallow, typically anoxic, muddy and sandy mud sediments in areas of low or reduced, although stable, salinity (may vary annually) with largely ephemeral faunal communities. Characterised by Arenicola...


LR.HLR.FR.Him Himanthalia elongata and red seaweeds on exposed to moderately exposed lower eulittoral rock

Published date 2015-03

Exposed to moderately exposed lower eulittoral bedrock characterised by the wrack Himanthalia elongata with a dense turf of red seaweeds beneath. H. elongata may occur on tide-swept, sheltered shores ...


SS.SCS.OCS.HeloPkef Hesionura elongata and Protodorvillea kefersteini in offshore coarse sand

Published date 2015-03

Offshore (deep) circalittoral habitats with coarse sand may support populations of the interstitial polychaete Hesionura elongata with Protodorvillea kefersteini. Other notable species include the phy...


LR.FLR.Rkp.G Green seaweeds (Ulva spp. and Cladophora spp.) in shallow upper shore rockpools

Published date 2015-03

Rockpools in the littoral fringe or upper eulittoral zone subject to widely fluctuating temperatures and salinity are characterised by ephemeral green alga of the genus Ulva, along with Cladophora spp...


LR.FLR.Eph.EphX Ephemeral green and red seaweeds on variable salinity and/or disturbed eulittoral mixed substrata

Published date 2015-03

Eulittoral mixed substrata (pebbles and cobbles overlying sand or mud) that are subject to variations in salinity and/or siltation, characterised by dense blankets of ephemeral green and red seaweeds....


LS.LBR Littoral biogenic reefs

Published date 2015-03

The Littoral Biogenic Reefs habitat complex contains two biotope complexes (littoral Sabellaria reefs, and mixed sediment shores with mussels), encompassing the littoral biotope dominated by the honey...


LS.LMu.MEst.HedMacScr Hediste diversicolor, Macoma balthica and Scrobicularia plana in littoral sandy mud

Published date 2015-03

Mainly mid shore mud or sandy mud subject to variable salinity on sheltered estuarine shores. Typically, the sediment is wet in appearance and has an anoxic layer below 1 cm depth. The surface of the ...


LS.LMp Littoral macrophyte-dominated sediment

Published date 2015-03

Littoral macrophyte-dominated sediment biotopes include saltmarshes on the upper shore and seagrass beds on the mid and upper shore. These higher plant-dominated communities develop mostly on sheltere...


LR.FLR.Rkp.FK Fucoids and kelp in deep eulittoral rockpools

Published date 2015-03

Deep or larger rockpools in the mid to lower eulittoral zone on exposed to moderately exposed shores characterised by the wrack Fucus serratus and the kelp Laminaria digitata and the red seaweed Coral...


SS.SMx.CMx Circalittoral mixed sediment

Published date 2015-03

Mixed (heterogeneous) sediment habitats in the circalittoral zone (generally below 15-20 m) including well mixed muddy gravelly sands or very poorly sorted mosaics of shell, cobbles and pebbles embedd...



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