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M.AtUA.Bi Atlantic upper abyssal biogenic structure

Published date 2015-03

A biogenic structure is formed when reef-forming species, such as cold water corals, attach to any hard substrate present and grow over the surrounding area forming a secondary substrate over the top....


M.AtMA.Bi Atlantic mid abyssal biogenic structure

Published date 2015-03

A biogenic structure is formed when reef-forming species, such as cold water corals, attach to any hard substrate present and grow over the surrounding area forming a secondary substrate over the top....


CR.MCR.CSab.Sspi.ByB Sabellaria spinulosa with a bryozoan turf and barnacles on silty turbid circalittoral rock

Published date 2015-03

This variant is typically found encrusting the upper faces of exposed and moderately exposed circalittoral rock and mixed substrata, subject to strong and moderately strong currents and high turbidity...


M.ArMB.Ro.CriCom Crinoid dominated community on Arctic mid bathyal rock and other hard substrata

Published date 2015-03

This broad community contains assembages where crinoids dominate the fauna. Crinoid assemblages are found typically in areas with higher current speeds that facilitate filter feeding, such as the shel...


M.AAUB.Mx.DeeSpo Deep sponge aggregation on Atlanto-Arctic upper bathyal mixed sediment

Published date 2015-03

This broad community contains assemblages where sponges dominate sediment habitats. Sponges can be of all morphotypes except encrusting. Aggregations of the Geodia species with other massive forms are...


CR.MCR.SfR.Pid Piddocks with a sparse associated fauna in sublittoral very soft chalk or clay

Published date 2015-03

This biotope occurs on circalittoral soft rock, such as soft chalk or clay, most often in moderately exposed tide-swept conditions. As soft chalk and firm clay are often too soft for sessile filter-fe...


M.AtUB.Mu.CriCom Crinoid dominated community on Atlantic upper bathyal mud

Published date 2015-03

This broad community contains assembages where crinoids dominate the fauna. Crinoid assemblages are found typically in areas with higher current speeds that facilitate filter feeding, such as the shel...


CR.MCR.CFaVS.CuSpH.VS Cushion sponges and hydroids on turbid tide-swept variable salinity sheltered circalittoral rock

Published date 2015-03

This sub-biotope typically occurs in turbid, variable salinity water, on wave-sheltered bedrock in estuaries subject to strong tidal regimes where circalittoral communities occur in relatively shallow...


IR Infralittoral rock (and other hard substrata)

Published date 2015-03

Infralittoral rock includes habitats of bedrock, boulders and cobbles which occur in the shallow subtidal zone and typically support seaweed communities. The upper limit is marked by the top of the ke...


M.AtMA.Mu.HolCom Holothurian dominated community on Atlantic mid abyssal mud

Published date 2015-03

This broad community contains those biotopes where holothurians dominate. They are generally very deep (abyssal) and occur on silt or pelagic ooze. The species composition will vary with depth. The ho...



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