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SS.SBR.PoR.SalvMx Sabellaria alveolata on variable salinity sublittoral mixed sediment

Published date 2015-03

Tide-swept sandy mixed sediments with cobbles and pebbles, in variable salinity or fully marine conditions, may be characterised by surface accumulations of the reef building polychaete Sabellaria alv...


IR.FIR Features of infralittoral rock

Published date 2015-03

Only one biotope complex is currently found within the infralittoral rock features habitat complex: Surge Gulleys (SG). Surge Gulleys features are found throughout the infralittoral rock zone, and usu...


SS.SMu.OMu.ForThy Foraminiferans and Thyasira sp. in deep circalittoral fine mud

Published date 2015-03

In deep water and soft muds of Boreal and Arctic areas, a community dominated by foraminiferans and the bivalve Thyasira sp. (e.g. T. croulinensis and T. pygmaea) may occur (Thorson 1957; Künitzer et...


LR.LLR.F.Fserr Fucus serratus on sheltered lower eulittoral rock

Published date 2015-03

Sheltered to extremely sheltered lower eulittoral rock with Fucus serratus (for detailed description of the rich associated community please see Fserr.FS). Two variants of this biotope have been descr...


LR.LLR.F.Fspi.X Fucus spiralis on full salinity upper eulittoral mixed substrata

Published date 2015-03

Moderately exposed to sheltered full salinity upper eulittoral mixed substrata characterised by a band of the wrack Fucus spiralis. Occasional clumps of the wrack Pelvetia canaliculata can be overgrow...


LR.HLR.MusB.Sem.LitX Semibalanus balanoides and Littorina spp. on exposed to moderately exposed eulittoral boulders and cobbles

Published date 2015-03

Large patches of boulders, cobbles and pebbles in the eulittoral zone on exposed to moderately exposed shores colonised by the barnacle Semibalanus balanoides and, on larger rocks, the limpet Patella ...


LR.FLR.Eph Ephemeral green or red seaweed communities (freshwater or sand-influenced)

Published date 2015-03

Ephemeral seaweeds on disturbed littoral rock in the lower to upper shore. Dominant green seaweeds include Ulva intestinalis, Ulva lactuca and the red seaweeds Rhodothamniella floridula and Porphyra p...


SS.SBR.SMus.MytSS Mytilus edulis beds on sublittoral sediment

Published date 2015-03

Shallow sublittoral mixed sediment, in fully marine coastal habitats or sometimes in variable salinity conditions in the outer regions of estuaries, are characterised by beds of the common mussel Myti...


LR.FLR.Rkp.Cor.Cys Cystoseira spp. in eulittoral rockpools

Published date 2015-03

Eulittoral rockpools on exposed to moderately exposed south-western shores dominated by the brown alga Cystoseira spp. (including Cystoseira tamariscifolia), coralline crusts and Corallina officinalis...


LR.FLR.Rkp.Cor.Bif Bifurcaria bifurcata in shallow eulittoral rockpools

Published date 2015-03

Eulittoral rockpools in south-west Britain on very exposed to moderately exposed shores dominated by the brown seaweed Bifurcaria bifurcata and encrusting coralline algae and Corallina officinalis. Ke...



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