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IR.HIR.KFaR.LhypR.Pk Laminaria hyperborea park with dense foliose red seaweeds on exposed lower infralittoral rock
Published date 2015-03Very exposed to exposed lower infralittoral bedrock or large boulders characterised by a kelp park of Laminaria hyperborea with a dense turf of foliose red seaweeds and encrusting coralline algae. The...
LR.FLR.Eph.BLitX Barnacles and Littorina spp. on unstable eulittoral mixed substrata
Published date 2015-03The eulittoral zone, particularly the mid shore zone, of sheltered to extremely sheltered mixed substrata shores is often characterised by flat banks or scards of cobbles and pebbles (on sediment) whi...
IR.MIR.KR.Lhyp.Pk Laminaria hyperborea park and foliose red seaweeds on moderately exposed lower infralittoral rock
Published date 2015-03Below the dense kelp forest (Lhyp.Ft) on moderately exposed lower infralittoral bedrock and boulders, the kelp thins out to form a park. Beneath the kelp, the rock and kelp stipes are covered by an of...
SS.SMp.KSwSS.SlatGraFS Saccharina latissima, Gracilaria gracilis and brown seaweeds on full salinity infralittoral sediment
Published date 2015-03Shallow kelp community found on muddy sand, in moderately exposed or sheltered, fully marine conditions, with weak tidal currents. The community is characterised by a reasonable covering of Saccharina...
SS.SBR.Crl Coral reefs
Published date 2015-03The coral reef structures in UK waters are found in cold (4-13°C), largely aphotic waters, generally along the shelf edge and in offshore waters down to 2000m. In the north east Atlantic, Lophelia per...
LR.HLR.FR.Fdis Fucus distichus and Fucus spiralis f. nana on extremely exposed upper shore rock
Published date 2015-03Extremely exposed gently or steeply sloping upper shore bedrock which supports a mixture of the wracks Fucus distichus and Fucus spiralis f. nana, the latter often at the top of the zone. On some site...
IR.FIR.SG.CC.Mo Coralline crusts and crustaceans on mobile boulders or cobbles in surge gullies
Published date 2015-03Highly mobile and scoured boulders and cobbles found on cave and gully floors and which often appear bare. Where there is sufficient light and stability, however, the boulders are encrusted by coralli...
SS.SSa.CMuSa Circalittoral muddy sand
Published date 2015-03Circalittoral non-cohesive muddy sands with the silt content of the substratum typically ranging from 5% to 20%. This habitat is generally found in water depths of over 15-20m and supports animal-domi...
IR.MIR.KR.Lhyp.GzPk Grazed Laminaria hyperborea park with coralline crusts on lower infralittoral rock
Published date 2015-03Exposed to moderately exposed Laminaria hyperborea kelp park in some areas is intensively grazed by the urchin Echinus esculentus. The rock surface lacks a significant turf of foliose seaweeds and gen...
IR.HIR.KFaR.Ala Alaria esculenta on exposed sublittoral fringe bedrock
Published date 2015-03Exposed sublittoral fringe bedrock with an Alaria esculenta forest and an encrusting fauna of the mussel Mytilus edulis and barnacles such as Semibalanus balanoides. The kelp Laminaria digitata can be...