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SS Sublittoral sediment

Published date 2015-03

Sediment habitats in the sublittoral near shore zone (i.e. covering the infralittoral and circalittoral zones), typically extending from the extreme lower shore down to the edge of the bathyal zone (2...


LS.LSa.MoSa.AmSco Amphipods and Scolelepis spp. in littoral medium-fine sand

Published date 2015-03

Mobile clean sandy beaches on exposed and moderately exposed shores, with sediment grain sizes ranging from medium to fine, often with a fraction of coarser sediment. The sediment contains little or n...


SS.SMu.CSaMu.VirOphPmax Virgularia mirabilis and Ophiura spp. with Pecten maximus on circalittoral sandy or shelly mud

Published date 2015-03

Circalittoral fine sandy mud may contain Virgularia mirabilis and Ophiura spp. A variety of species may occur, and species composition at a particular site may relate, to some extent, to the proportio...


LS.LMx.Mx Species-rich mixed sediment shores

Published date 2015-03

Sheltered mixed sediments, usually subject to variable salinity conditions. The infauna is very diverse, dominated by a range of polychaetes including Exogone naidina, Sphaerosyllis taylori, Pygospio ...


SS.SMu.ISaMu.Cap Capitella capitata in enriched sublittoral muddy sediments

Published date 2015-03

The polychaete Capitella capitata (agg.) a widely occurring opportunist species complex that is particularly associated with organically enriched and polluted sediments (Warren 1977; Pearson & Rosenbe...


SS.SSa.CFiSa.EpusOborApri Echinocyamus pusillus, Ophelia borealis and Abra prismatica in circalittoral fine sand

Published date 2015-03

Circalittoral and offshore medium to fine sand (from 40 m to 140 m) characterised by the pea urchin Echinocyamus pusillus, the polychaete Ophelia borealis and the bivalve Abra prismatica. Other specie...


IR.LIR.Lag.FcerUlv Fucus ceranoides and Ulva spp. on low salinity infralittoral rock

Published date 2015-03

Permanently submerged lagoon fringes with dense communities of the wrack Fucus ceranoides and the green seaweed Ulva spp. There is typically a very limited associated biota due to low salinity conditi...


LR.FLR.Lic.Ver.B Verrucaria maura and sparse barnacles on exposed littoral fringe rock

Published date 2015-03

The littoral fringe of very exposed to moderately exposed rocky shores with a sparse covering of the barnacles Semibalanus balanoides and/or Chthamalus montagui over the black lichen Verrucaria maura....


SS.SMu.CFiMu.SpnMeg.Fun Seapens, including Funiculina quadrangularis, and burrowing megafauna in undisturbed circalittoral fine mud

Published date 2015-03

Deep muds, especially in sea lochs, support forests of the nationally scarce Funiculina quadrangularis, in addition to populations of the seapens Virgularia mirabilis and Pennatula phosphorea. The sed...


IR.MIR.KR.Lhyp.Ft Laminaria hyperborea forest and foliose red seaweeds on moderately exposed upper infralittoral rock

Published date 2015-03

Moderately exposed upper infralittoral bedrock and boulders characterised by a dense forest of Laminaria hyperborea with dense foliose red seaweeds beneath the canopy. These include Metacallophyllis l...



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