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IR.LIR.KVS.SlatPhyVS Saccharina latissima with Phyllophora spp. and filamentous green seaweeds on variable or reduced salinity infralittoral rock

Published date 2015-03

Shallow infralittoral bedrock or boulder slopes, in reduced or low salinity conditions, characterised by the kelp Saccharina latissima with dense stands of silted filamentous green seaweeds and red se...


IR.HIR.KSed.ProtAhn Polyides rotunda, Ahnfeltia plicata and Chondrus crispus on sand-covered infralittoral rock

Published date 2015-03

Low-lying rock surrounded by mobile sand and often subject to burying by the sand, with a turf of resilient red seaweeds Chondrus crispus, Polyides rotunda and Ahnfeltia plicata typically protruding t...


SS.SMu.ISaMu.Cap Capitella capitata in enriched sublittoral muddy sediments

Published date 2015-03

The polychaete Capitella capitata (agg.) a widely occurring opportunist species complex that is particularly associated with organically enriched and polluted sediments (Warren 1977; Pearson & Rosenbe...


Siliceous scree of the montane to snow levels (Androsacetalia alpinae and Galeopsietalia ladani)

Published date

Rocky habitats and caves Description and ecological characteristics Scree habitats consist of rock fragments covering the frost-shattered summits of mountains or accumulating on slopes below cliffs. S...


Embryonic shifting dunes

Published date

Coastal sand dunes and continental dunes Description and ecological characteristics Embryonic shifting dune vegetation exists in a highly dynamic state and is dependent on the continued operation of p...


Water courses of plain to montane levels with the Ranunculion fluitantis and Callitricho-Batrachion vegetation

Published date

Freshwater habitats Description and ecological characteristics This habitat type is characterised by the abundance of water-crowfoots Ranunculus spp., subgenus Batrachium ( Ranunculus fluitans , R. pe...


IR.FIR.SG.CrSpAsAn Anemones, including Corynactis viridis, crustose sponges and colonial ascidians on very exposed or wave surged vertical infralittoral rock

Published date 2015-03

Vertical very exposed and exposed bedrock gullies, tunnels and cave entrances subject to wave-surge dominated by sponge crusts such as Clathrina coriacea, Myxilla incrustans, Pachymatisma johnstonia a...


IR.FIR.SG.CrSpAsDenB Crustose sponges and colonial ascidians with Dendrodoa grossularia or barnacles on wave-surged infralittoral rock

Published date 2015-03

Vertical and overhanging, exposed to moderately exposed bedrock gullies, tunnels and cave entrances subject to wave surge, and dominated by the crustose sponges Halichondria panicea, Myxilla incrustan...


SS.SSa.IMuSa.SsubNhom Spisula subtruncata and Nephtys hombergii in shallow muddy sand

Published date 2015-03

In shallow non-cohesive muddy sands, in fully marine conditions, a community characterised by the bivalve Spisula subtruncata and the polychaete Nephtys hombergii may occur. The sediments in which thi...


LS.LSa.St.Tal Talitrids on the upper shore and strand-line

Published date 2015-03

A community of sandhoppers (talitrid amphipods) may occur on any shore where driftlines of decomposing seaweed and other debris accumulate on the strandline. The biotope occurs most frequently on medi...



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