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SS.SSa.IMuSa Infralittoral muddy sand
Published date 2015-03Non-cohesive muddy sand (with 5% to 20% silt/clay) in the infralittoral zone, extending from the extreme lower shore down to more stable circalittoral zone at about 15-20 m. The habitat supports a var...
IR.MIR.KR.Lhyp.Ft Laminaria hyperborea forest and foliose red seaweeds on moderately exposed upper infralittoral rock
Published date 2015-03Moderately exposed upper infralittoral bedrock and boulders characterised by a dense forest of Laminaria hyperborea with dense foliose red seaweeds beneath the canopy. These include Metacallophyllis l...
IR.MIR.KR.Lhyp.GzFt Grazed Laminaria hyperborea forest with coralline crusts on upper infralittoral rock
Published date 2015-03Exposed to moderately exposed Laminaria hyperborea forest is in some areas intensely grazed by the urchin Echinus esculentus. The rock surface lacks a significant turf of foliose seaweeds and generall...
SS.SBR.PoR.SspiMx Sabellaria spinulosa on stable circalittoral mixed sediment
Published date 2015-03The tube-building polychaete Sabellaria spinulosa at high abundances on mixed sediment. This species typically forms loose agglomerations of tubes forming a low-lying matrix of sand, gravel, mud and t...
SS.SMu.CFiMu.SpnMeg.Fun Seapens, including Funiculina quadrangularis, and burrowing megafauna in undisturbed circalittoral fine mud
Published date 2015-03Deep muds, especially in sea lochs, support forests of the nationally scarce Funiculina quadrangularis, in addition to populations of the seapens Virgularia mirabilis and Pennatula phosphorea. The sed...
SS.SMu.SMuVS.AphTubi Aphelochaeta marioni and Tubificoides spp. in variable salinity infralittoral mud
Published date 2015-03Variable salinity cohesive muddy sediment (sometimes with some coarser material) dominated by the polychaete Aphelochaeta marioni (or other Aphelochaeta species e.g. A. amplivasatus) and the oligochae...
SS.SMp.Ang.NVC S4 Phragmites australis swamp and reed beds
Published date 2015-03Permanently low salinity muds or peaty muddy sands with some gravel which supports Phragmites australis reed beds. These reed beds are often found in enclosed water bodies influenced by freshwater inf...
LR.MLR.MusF Mussels and fucoids on moderately exposed shores
Published date 2015-03Mid and lower eulittoral exposed to moderately exposed bedrock, often with nearby sediment, may be densely covered by large individuals of the mussel Mytilus edulis. Three biotopes have been described...
IR.FIR.IFou Infralittoral fouling seaweed communities
Published date 2015-03Moderately exposed to wave-sheltered artificial substrata (such as steel wrecks/concrete pilings/cable debris etc) subject to moderately strong to weak tidal streams in the infralittoral zone. This bi...
IR.HIR.KFaR.LhypR Laminaria hyperborea with dense foliose red seaweeds on exposed infralittoral rock
Published date 2015-03Very exposed to exposed infralittoral bedrock or large boulders characterised by the kelp Laminaria hyperborea, beneath which is a dense turf of foliose red seaweeds. Three variations of this biotope ...