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M.AtUB.Co.SpaEnc.SpoSer Pale encrusting sponges and serpulids on Atlantic upper bathyal coarse sediment

Published date 2015-03

This biotope consists of gravel substrates with few visible epifauna only encrusting forms. The same assemblage was recorded in the Atlanto-Arctic and Atlantic mid bathyal zones but associated infau...


M.AtLB.Co.MixCor.DisSol Discrete Solenosmilia variabilis colonies on Atlantic lower bathyal coarse sediment

Published date 2015-03

This biotope is a deeper variant of discrete Lophelia pertusa colonies where L. pertusa is replaced by Solenosmilia variabilis occuring on coral rubble. The same assemblage was recorded on rock but a...


M.AtMA.Mu.CriCom Crinoid dominated community on Atlantic mid abyssal mud

Published date 2015-03

This broad community contains assembages where crinoids dominate the fauna. Crinoid assemblages are found typically in areas with higher current speeds that facilitate filter feeding, such as the shel...


M.AtMB.Sa.UrcCom.GraAcu Gracilechinus acutus norvegicus assemblage on Atlantic mid bathyal sand

Published date 2015-03

This biotope consists of aggregations of Gracilechinus acutus norvegicus (previously Echinus acutus norvegicus) on sand substrate. The same epifaunal assemblage is also found on mud and sand in the up...


CR.HCR.FaT Very tide-swept faunal communities

Published date 2015-03

This biotope complex occurs in wave-exposed, tide-swept narrows and straits on circalittoral bedrock and boulders. The biotopes within this complex are characterised by a high abundance of the robust ...


CR.HCR.XFa.ByErSp.DysAct Mixed turf of bryozoans and erect sponges with Dysidea fragilis and Actinothoe sphyrodeta on tide-swept wave-exposed circalittoral rock

Published date 2015-03

This variant typically occurs on exposed and moderately wave-exposed bedrock and boulders subject to a variety of tidal regimes (from strong through to weak). It is found mainly in the 10-20m depth ra...


CR.HCR.XFa.SwiLgAs Mixed turf of hydroids and large ascidians with Swiftia pallida and Caryophyllia smithii on weakly tide-swept circalittoral rock

Published date 2015-03

This biotope typically occurs from exposed through to sheltered circalittoral bedrock or boulders subject to moderately strong to weak tidal streams. It is found in water depths ranging from 4m to 37m...


SS.SMu.CFiMu.MegMax Burrowing megafauna Maxmuelleria lankesteri in circalittoral mud

Published date 2015-03

In circalittoral stable mud distinctive populations of megafauna may be found with a range of component fauna. This biotope may include the decapod crustaceans Nephrops norvegicus, Munida rugosa, Calo...


CR.MCR.EcCr.FaAlCr.Spi Faunal and algal crusts with Spirobranchus triqueter and sparse Alcyonium digitatum on exposed to moderately wave-exposed circalittoral rock

Published date 2015-03

This variant is typically found on the upper faces of exposed and moderately exposed circalittoral bedrock or boulders subjected to moderately strong to weak tidal streams. From afar, the seabed has a...


M.AtUA.Ro Atlantic upper abyssal rock and other hard substrata

Published date 2015-03

Rock and other hard substrate has a more diverse epifaunal community as species attach to the hard surface that in turn attract more fauna. Deep-sea rock is generally encrusted in a range of species i...



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