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SS.SMu.OMu.LevHet Levinsenia gracilis and Heteromastus filifirmis in offshore circalittoral mud and sandy mud

Published date 2015-03

In deep offshore mud and sandy mud, a community characterised by the polychaetes Levinsenia gracilis and Heteromastus filiformis may occur. Other important taxa may include Paramphinome jeffreysii, Ne...


CR.FCR.Cv.SpCup Sponges, cup corals and anthozoans on shaded or overhanging circalittoral rock

Published date 2015-03

This biotope occurs on shaded and overhanging rock, such as on cave walls and ceilings although there are very few records of caves in conditions not subject to wave surge (i.e. deeper circalittoral h...


IR.LIR.Lag.FChoG Mixed fucoids, Chorda filum and green seaweeds on reduced salinity infralittoral rock

Published date 2015-03

Permanently submerged mixed fucoids on rock in lagoons. The main species are the wracks Fucus serratus and Fucus vesiculosus, but the brown seaweeds Chorda filum, Ascophyllum nodosum and Ectocarpaceae...


SS.SSa.IMuSa.EcorEns Echinocardium cordatum and Ensis spp. in lower shore and shallow sublittoral slightly muddy fine sand

Published date 2015-03

Sheltered lower shore and shallow sublittoral sediments of sand or muddy fine sand in fully marine conditions, support populations of the urchin Echinocardium cordatum and the razor shell Ensis siliqu...


IR.MIR.KR.Lhyp.Sab Sabellaria spinulosa with kelp and red seaweeds on sand-influenced infralittoral rock

Published date 2015-03

Laminaria hyperborea kelp forest on shallow infralittoral bedrock and boulders characterised by encrustations of Sabellaria spinulosa tubes which cover much of the rock, together with sand-tolerant re...


IR.LIR.K.LhypSlat.Pk Mixed Laminaria hyperborea and Saccharina latissima park on sheltered lower infralittoral rock

Published date 2015-03

Sheltered silted, bedrock and boulders with a park of mixed Laminaria hyperborea and Saccharina latissima. Both kelp species are sparse in the park (Frequent). Beneath the often 'cape-form' kelp canop...


IR.LIR.K.LhypSlat.Ft Mixed Laminaria hyperborea and Saccharina latissima forest on sheltered upper infralittoral rock

Published date 2015-03

Sheltered, often silted, upper infralittoral bedrock and boulder slopes with mixed kelps Laminaria hyperborea and Saccharina latissima and red seaweeds beneath. The kelp at these sheltered sites often...


IR.LIR.K.Slat.Ft Saccharina latissima forest on very sheltered upper infralittoral rock

Published date 2015-03

Sheltered to extremely sheltered sublittoral fringe and infralittoral bedrock, boulders and cobbles characterised by a dense canopy of the kelp Saccharina latissima. In such sheltered conditions, a di...


IR.LIR.IFaVS.MytRS Mytilus edulis beds on reduced salinity infralittoral rock

Published date 2015-03

This biotope occur in shallow, often tide-swept, reduced salinity conditions. Dense beds of the mussel Mytilus edulis with the occasional barnacle Balanus crenatus. A wide variety of epifaunal colonis...


IR.MIR.KR.Ldig.Bo Laminaria digitata and under-boulder fauna on sublittoral fringe boulders

Published date 2015-03

This Laminaria digitata biotope is found predominantly on moderately exposed boulder shores and occasionally also on exposed or sheltered shores. Upper surfaces of the boulders are colonised by dense ...



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