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LR.HLR.FR.Osm Osmundea pinnatifida on moderately exposed mid eulittoral rock
Published date 2015-03Exposed to moderately exposed lower eulittoral rock characterised by extensive areas or a distinct band of Osmundea pinnatifida and Gelidium pusillum (either together or separately). This community us...
IR.HIR.KFaR.LhypR.Pk Laminaria hyperborea park with dense foliose red seaweeds on exposed lower infralittoral rock
Published date 2015-03Very exposed to exposed lower infralittoral bedrock or large boulders characterised by a kelp park of Laminaria hyperborea with a dense turf of foliose red seaweeds and encrusting coralline algae. The...
IR.MIR.KR.Lhyp.GzPk Grazed Laminaria hyperborea park with coralline crusts on lower infralittoral rock
Published date 2015-03Exposed to moderately exposed Laminaria hyperborea kelp park in some areas is intensively grazed by the urchin Echinus esculentus. The rock surface lacks a significant turf of foliose seaweeds and gen...
IR.MIR.KR.Lhyp.Pk Laminaria hyperborea park and foliose red seaweeds on moderately exposed lower infralittoral rock
Published date 2015-03Below the dense kelp forest (Lhyp.Ft) on moderately exposed lower infralittoral bedrock and boulders, the kelp thins out to form a park. Beneath the kelp, the rock and kelp stipes are covered by an of...
IR.HIR.KSed.XKScrR Mixed kelps with scour-tolerant and opportunistic foliose red seaweeds on scoured or sand-covered infralittoral rock
Published date 2015-03Bedrock and boulders, often in tide-swept areas, that are subject to scouring or periodic burial by sand, characterised by a canopy of mixed kelps such as Saccharina latissima, Laminaria hyperborea an...
SS.SMx.CMx.OphMx Ophiothrix fragilis and/or Ophiocomina nigra brittlestar beds on sublittoral mixed sediment
Published date 2015-03Circalittoral sediment dominated by brittlestars (hundreds or thousands m-2) forming dense beds, living epifaunally on boulder, gravel or sedimentary substrata. Ophiothrix fragilis and Ophiocomina nig...
IR.HIR.KFaR.Ala Alaria esculenta on exposed sublittoral fringe bedrock
Published date 2015-03Exposed sublittoral fringe bedrock with an Alaria esculenta forest and an encrusting fauna of the mussel Mytilus edulis and barnacles such as Semibalanus balanoides. The kelp Laminaria digitata can be...
LR.FLR.Eph.BLitX Barnacles and Littorina spp. on unstable eulittoral mixed substrata
Published date 2015-03The eulittoral zone, particularly the mid shore zone, of sheltered to extremely sheltered mixed substrata shores is often characterised by flat banks or scards of cobbles and pebbles (on sediment) whi...
IR.FIR.SG.CC Coralline crusts in surge gullies and scoured infralittoral rock
Published date 2015-03Scoured rock in wave-surged caves, tunnels or gullies often looks rather bare, and may be characterised by a limited scour-tolerant fauna of Balanus crenatus and/or Spirobranchus triqueter with spiror...
LS.LCS.Sh.Ech Echinogammarus incertae sedis planicrurus in mid shore well-sorted gravel or coarse sand
Published date 2015-03Shores of well-sorted gravel with a predominant particle size of 4.0 mm but ranging between 3 and 6 mm support dense populations of the amphipod Echinogammarus incertae sedis planicrurus. Material fin...