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SS.SCS.ICS Infralittoral coarse sediment

Published date 2015-03

Moderately exposed habitats with coarse sand, gravelly sand, shingle and gravel in the infralittoral, are subject to disturbance by tidal steams and wave action. Such habitats found on the open coast ...


IR.MIR.KT.FilRVS Filamentous red seaweeds, sponges and Balanus crenatus on tide-swept variable-salinity infralittoral rock

Published date 2015-03

Tide-swept infralittoral rock subject to variable salinity and turbid waters occurs in the mid to upper reaches of the rias of south-west Britain, where riverine freshwater input reduces the salinity....


LS.LSa.MoSa.AmSco.Pon Pontocrates arenarius in littoral mobile sand

Published date 2015-03

Mainly on the mid and lower shore on wave-exposed or moderately wave-exposed coasts of medium and fine sand, sometimes with a fraction of coarse sand, which remains damp throughout the tidal cycle and...


LR.FLR.Eph.UlvPor Porphyra purpurea and Ulva spp. on sand-scoured mid or lower eulittoral rock

Published date 2015-03

Exposed and moderately exposed mid-shore bedrock and boulders occurring adjacent to areas of sand which significantly affects the rock. As a consequence of sand-abrasion, wracks such as Fucus vesiculo...


LR.FLR.CvOv.SpR Sponges and shade-tolerant red seaweeds on overhanging lower eulittoral bedrock and in cave entrances

Published date 2015-03

Overhanging shaded bedrock on the open lower shore and at the entrance to inner reaches of caves (where light availability permits), which is not subject to appreciable wave-surge, characterised by a ...


SS.SMx.CMx.FluHyd Flustra foliacea and Hydrallmania falcata on tide-swept circalittoral mixed sediment

Published date 2015-03

This biotope represents part of a transition between sand-scoured circalittoral rock where the epifauna is conspicuous enough to be considered as a biotope and a sediment biotope where an infaunal sam...


IR.HIR.KSed.XKScrR Mixed kelps with scour-tolerant and opportunistic foliose red seaweeds on scoured or sand-covered infralittoral rock

Published date 2015-03

Bedrock and boulders, often in tide-swept areas, that are subject to scouring or periodic burial by sand, characterised by a canopy of mixed kelps such as Saccharina latissima, Laminaria hyperborea an...


LS.LCS.Sh.Ech Echinogammarus incertae sedis planicrurus in mid shore well-sorted gravel or coarse sand

Published date 2015-03

Shores of well-sorted gravel with a predominant particle size of 4.0 mm but ranging between 3 and 6 mm support dense populations of the amphipod Echinogammarus incertae sedis planicrurus. Material fin...


IR.LIR.IFaVS Faunal communities on variable or reduced salinity infralittoral rock

Published date 2015-03

Shallow subtidal rocky habitats which support faunal-dominated communities, with seaweed communities only poorly developed or absent. In some sealochs dense mussel Mytilus edulis beds (MytRS) develop ...


LS.LSa.MoSa.Ol.VS Oligochaetes in variable salinity littoral mobile sand

Published date 2015-03

A species-poor community of oligochaetes occurring in estuarine conditions where sands and gravel are associated with the lower shore river channel in estuaries. The sediment is relatively coarse and ...



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