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SS.SCS.ICS.CumCset Cumaceans and Chaetozone setosa in infralittoral gravelly sand

Published date 2015-03

In shallow medium-fine sands with gravel, on moderately exposed open coasts, communities dominated by cumaceans such as Iphinoe trispinosa and Diastylis bradyi along with the cirratulid polychaete Cha...


SS.SCS.ICS.HeloMsim Hesionura elongata and Microphthalmus similis with other interstitial polychaetes in infralittoral mobile coarse sand

Published date 2015-03

On infralittoral sandbanks and sand waves and other areas of mobile medium-coarse sand, populations of interstitial polychaetes may be found. These habitats consist of loosely packed grains of sand fo...


IR.HIR.KSed Sediment-affected or disturbed kelp and seaweed communities

Published date 2015-03

Infralittoral rock habitats, subject to disturbance through mobility of the substratum (boulders or cobbles) or abrasion/covering by nearby coarse sediments or suspended particulate matter (sand). The...


IR.MIR.KR.LhypVt Laminaria hyperborea on moderately exposed vertical rock.

Published date 2015-03

LhypVt is found on moderately exposed coasts in moderately strong to weak tidal streams generally in 0-20m water depth. It is characterised by the kelp Laminaria hyperborea, the soft coral Alcyonium d...


LS.LMu.UEst.NhomStr Nephtys hombergii and Streblospio shrubsolii in littoral mud

Published date 2015-03

Soft wet mud with a fine sand fraction, on the mid and lower shore of sheltered estuaries, usually with an anoxic layer present within the first 5 cm of the sediment. The infauna is relatively poor, d...


SS.SMu.SMuVS.NhomTubi Nephtys hombergii and Tubificoides spp. in variable salinity infralittoral soft mud

Published date 2015-03

Variable salinity soft infralittoral mud and sandy mud characterised by the polychaete Nephtys hombergii and oligochaetes of the genus Tubificoides. Other characterising species that may be present ar...


IR.HIR.KSed.DesFilR Dense Desmarestia spp. with filamentous red seaweeds on exposed infralittoral cobbles, pebbles and bedrock

Published date 2015-03

Wave-exposed seasonally mobile substrata (pebbles, cobbles) dominated by dense stands of the brown seaweed Desmarestia aculeata and/or Desmarestia ligulata. Infralittoral pebbles and cobbles that are ...


SS.SMu.CFiMu.SpnMeg Seapens and burrowing megafauna in circalittoral fine mud

Published date 2015-03

Plains of fine mud at depths greater than about 15 m may be heavily bioturbated by burrowing megafauna; burrows and mounds may form a prominent feature of the sediment surface with conspicuous populat...


SS.SMx.OMx.PoVen Polychaete-rich deep Venus community in offshore mixed sediments

Published date 2015-03

In offshore circalittoral slightly muddy mixed sediments, a diverse community particularly rich in polychaetes with a significant venerid bivalve component may be found. Typical species include the po...


CR.MCR.CFaVS.CuSpH Cushion sponges and hydroids on turbid tide-swept sheltered circalittoral rock

Published date 2015-03

This biotope is found in variable salinity environments and tends to occur on the upper faces of circalittoral bedrock and boulders, in sheltered sites subject to moderately strong tidal streams. This...



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