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LR.FLR.Lic.Bli Blidingia spp. on vertical littoral fringe soft rock

Published date 2015-03

Vertical soft rock in the littoral fringe may be characterised by a band of the green seaweeds Blidingia minima and Blidingia marginata. Unbranched filamentous green seaweeds, including Ulothrix flacc...


LR.FLR.CvOv.ChrHap Chrysophyceae and Haptophyceae on vertical upper littoral fringe soft rock

Published date 2015-03

Orange, brownish or blackish gelatinous bands of algae at high tide and supralittoral levels on open cliff faces and on upper walls and ceilings at entrances and to the rear of upper and mid-shore har...


LR.FLR.Eph.Ulv Ulva spp. on freshwater-influenced and/or unstable upper eulittoral rock

Published date 2015-03

Upper shore hard substratum that is relatively unstable (e.g. soft rock) or subject to considerable freshwater runoff is typically very species poor and characterised by a dense mat of Ulva spp., thou...


SS.SBR.Crl.Lop Lophelia reefs

Published date 2015-03

Reefs of the coral Lophelia pertusa, typically supporting a range of other biota. Lophelia reefs are generally found in areas of elevated current. The coral provides a three dimensional structure and ...


IR.HIR.KFaR.LhypR.Pk Laminaria hyperborea park with dense foliose red seaweeds on exposed lower infralittoral rock

Published date 2015-03

Very exposed to exposed lower infralittoral bedrock or large boulders characterised by a kelp park of Laminaria hyperborea with a dense turf of foliose red seaweeds and encrusting coralline algae. The...


LR.FLR.Eph.UlvPor Porphyra purpurea and Ulva spp. on sand-scoured mid or lower eulittoral rock

Published date 2015-03

Exposed and moderately exposed mid-shore bedrock and boulders occurring adjacent to areas of sand which significantly affects the rock. As a consequence of sand-abrasion, wracks such as Fucus vesiculo...


LR.HLR.MusB.Sem.FvesR Semibalanus balanoides, Fucus vesiculosus and red seaweeds on exposed to moderately exposed eulittoral rock

Published date 2015-03

Exposed and moderately exposed upper and mid eulittoral bedrock characterised by the barnacle Semibalanus balanoides, the limpet Patella vulgata and the whelk Nucella lapillus with a sparse community ...


SS.SMu.IFiMu.Beg Beggiatoa spp. on anoxic sublittoral mud

Published date 2015-03

Sublittoral soft anoxic mud, often in areas with poor water exchange with the open sea, can have a conspicuous bacterial mat covering of Beggiatoa spp. The anoxia may be a result of natural conditions...


LR.HLR.MusB.Sem Semibalanus balanoides on exposed to moderately exposed or vertical sheltered eulittoral rock

Published date 2015-03

Exposed to moderately exposed mid to upper eulittoral bedrock and large boulders characterised by dense barnacles Semibalanus balanoides and the limpet Patella vulgata. The community has a relatively ...


SS.SMu.OMu.MyrPo Myrtea spinifera and polychaetes in offshore circalittoral sandy mud

Published date 2015-03

Deep, offshore habitats with cohesive sandy mud (>20% mud) may support communities characterised by infaunal polychaetes and the bivalve Myrtea spinifera. Polychaetes typically include Chaetozone seto...



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