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LR.FLR.Rkp.Cor.Par Coralline crusts and Paracentrotus lividus in shallow eulittoral rockpools

Published date 2015-03

Shallow and relatively smal rockpools throughout the eulittoral zone on very exposed to exposed shores, characterised by a covering of encrusting coralline algae on which Corallina officinalis forms a...


SS.SMu.SMuVS.PolCvol Polydora ciliata and Corophium volutator in variable salinity infralittoral firm mud or clay

Published date 2015-03

Variable salinity clay and firm mud characterised by a turf of the polychaete Polydora ciliata along with the amphipod Corophium volutator. Other important taxa include the polychaetes Pygospio elegan...


LR.LLR.F.Asc Ascophyllum nodosum on very sheltered mid eulittoral rock

Published date 2015-03

Sheltered to extremely sheltered mid eulittoral rock with the wrack Ascophyllum nodosum. The red seaweed Vertebrata lanosa is often found growing as an epiphyte on the A. nodosum fronds while disturbe...


CR.FCR.Cv.SpCup Sponges, cup corals and anthozoans on shaded or overhanging circalittoral rock

Published date 2015-03

This biotope occurs on shaded and overhanging rock, such as on cave walls and ceilings although there are very few records of caves in conditions not subject to wave surge (i.e. deeper circalittoral h...


LR.HLR.FR Robust fucoid and/or red seaweed communities

Published date 2015-03

This biotope complex encompasses those seaweeds that are able to tolerate the extreme conditions of very exposed to moderately exposed rocky shores. The physical stresses caused by wave action often r...


IR.MIR.KR.Ldig.Pid Laminaria digitata and piddocks on sublittoral fringe soft rock

Published date 2015-03

Soft rock, such as chalk, in the sublittoral fringe characterised by Laminaria digitata and rock-boring animals such as piddocks Barnea candida and Pholas dactylus, the bivalve Hiatella arctica and wo...


SS.SMu.ISaMu.AmpPlon Ampelisca spp., Photis longicaudata and other tube-building amphipods and polychaetes in infralittoral sandy mud

Published date 2015-03

Sublittoral stable cohesive sandy muds occurring over a wide depth range may support large populations of semi-permanent tube-building amphipods and polychaetes. In particular large numbers of the amp...


IR.LIR.K.Slat Saccharina latissima on very sheltered infralittoral rock

Published date 2015-03

Very sheltered infralittoral rock dominated by the kelp Saccharina latissima. Typically very silty and often with few associated seaweeds due to siltation, grazing or shading from the dense kelp canop...


LR.HLR.FR.Coff.Coff Corallina officinalis and Mastocarpus stellatus on exposed to moderately exposed lower eulittoral rock

Published date 2015-03

Exposed lower eulittoral rock or moderately exposed lower eulittoral vertical rock that supports a dense turf of the red seaweed Corallina officinalis, often on wave surged rocky slopes. There is usua...


SS.SMx.CMx.KurThyMx Kurtiella bidentata and Thyasira spp. in circalittoral muddy mixed sediment

Published date 2015-03

In moderately exposed or sheltered, circalittoral muddy sands and gravels a community characterised by the bivalves Thyasira spp. (often Thyasira flexuosa), Kurtiella bidentata and Prionospio fallax m...



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