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IR.MIR.KT.SlatT Saccharina latissima with foliose red seaweeds and ascidians on sheltered tide-swept infralittoral rock

Published date 2015-03

Sheltered, tide-swept rock in south-western Britain tends to be restricted to estuarine conditions, where variable salinity and increased turbidity have a significant effect on the biota. Due to the t...


SS.SMu.SMuVS.MoMu Infralittoral fluid mobile mud

Published date 2015-03

Fluid mobile mud suspended and deposited on each tide. In areas with very high quantities of suspended particulate material in the water column it may become deposited around slack water when tidal cu...


IR.LIR.K Silted kelp communities (sheltered infralittoral rock)

Published date 2015-03

Infralittoral rock in wave and tide-sheltered conditions, supporting silty communities with Laminaria hyperborea and/or Saccharina latissima. Associated seaweeds are typically silt-tolerant and includ...


SS.SMu.SMuVS.PolCvol Polydora ciliata and Corophium volutator in variable salinity infralittoral firm mud or clay

Published date 2015-03

Variable salinity clay and firm mud characterised by a turf of the polychaete Polydora ciliata along with the amphipod Corophium volutator. Other important taxa include the polychaetes Pygospio elegan...


LR.MLR.BF Barnacles and fucoids on moderately exposed shores

Published date 2015-03

Moderately exposed rocky shores characterised by a mosaic of fucoids and barnacles on bedrock and boulders, where the extent of the fucoid cover is typically less than the blanket cover associated wit...


CR.HCR.XFa.FluHocu Flustra foliacea and Haliclona oculata with a rich faunal turf on tide-swept circalittoral mixed substrata

Published date 2015-03

This biotope is typically found on exposed slopes of silty cobble and pebble subject to strong to moderate tidal streams. From afar, large 'finger' growths of the sponge Haliclona oculata occur amongs...


CR.FCR Features of circalittoral rock

Published date 2015-03

Circalittoral rock features include circalittoral fouling communities (CR.FCR.FouFa) and circalittoral caves and overhangs (CR.FCR.Cv). These features are present throughout the circalittoral zone in ...


CR.LCR.BrAs.LgAsSp Large solitary ascidians and erect sponges on wave-sheltered circalittoral rock

Published date 2015-03

This biotope is typically found on silty circalittoral bedrock and boulders in wave-sheltered channels subject to varying amounts of tidal flow. These fully marine inlets and channels have steep, ofte...


SS.SCS.ICS.MoeVen Moerella spp. with venerid bivalves in infralittoral gravelly sand

Published date 2015-03

Infralittoral medium to coarse sand and gravelly sand which is subject to moderately strong water movement from tidal streams may be characterised by Moerella spp. with the polychaete Glycera lapidum ...


LR.LLR.F.Fspi.FS Fucus spiralis on full salinity sheltered upper eulittoral rock

Published date 2015-03

Sheltered upper eulittoral bedrock characterised by a band of the spiral wrack Fucus spiralis overlying the black lichen Verrucaria maura and the olive green lichen Verrucaria mucosa. Underneath the f...



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