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Mountain hay meadows

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Natural and semi-natural grassland formations Description and ecological characteristics This Annex I type comprises species-rich upland hay meadows on brown earth soils. It is a northern and sub-mont...

Submerged or partially submerged sea caves

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Rocky habitats and caves Description and ecological characteristics This Annex I type includes submerged sea caves and also partially submerged caves which are only exposed to the sea at high tide. Ca...

Limestone pavements

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Rocky habitats and caves Description and ecological characteristics Limestone pavements are outcrops of rock, typically horizontal or gently inclined, although a few are steeply inclined. The surface ...

Northern Atlantic wet heaths with Erica tetralix

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Temperate heath and scrub Description and ecological characteristics Wet heath usually occurs on acidic, nutrient-poor substrates, such as shallow peats or sandy soils with impeded drainage. The veget...

Humid dune slacks

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Coastal sand dunes and continental dunes Description and ecological characteristics Dune slacks are low-lying areas within dune systems that are seasonally flooded and where nutrient levels are low. T...

Machairs

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Coastal sand dunes and continental dunes Description and ecological characteristics Machair is a distinctive sand dune formation formed by a particular combination of physical factors, including clima...

Estuaries

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Marine, coastal and halophytic habitats Description and ecological characteristics Estuaries are habitat complexes which comprise an interdependent mosaic of subtidal and intertidal habitats, which ar...

Inland salt meadows

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Marine, coastal and halophytic habitats Description and ecological characteristics Inland salt meadows refer to non-coastal sites supporting saltmarsh vegetation. In the UK this vegetation corresponds...

Grey seal [Halichoerus grypus]

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Vertebrate species: mammals Description and ecological characteristics Grey seals Halichoerus grypus spend most of the year at sea, and may range widely in search of prey. They come ashore in autumn t...

Round-mouthed whorl snail [Vertigo genesii]

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Invertebrate species: molluscs Description and ecological characteristics The round-mouthed whorl snail Vertigo genesii is a tiny boreal and alpine species. In the UK, it is found in calcareous flushe...