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LR.FLR.Lic.Ver Verrucaria maura on littoral fringe rock

Published date 2015-03

Bedrock or stable boulders and cobbles in the littoral fringe which is covered by the black lichen Verrucaria maura. This lichen typically covers the entire rock surface giving a distinct black band i...


LS Littoral sediment

Published date 2015-03

Littoral sediment includes habitats of shingle (mobile cobbles and pebbles), gravel, sand and mud or any combination of these which occur in the intertidal zone. Littoral sediment is defined further u...


LR.LLR.FVS.Fcer Fucus ceranoides on reduced salinity eulittoral rock

Published date 2015-03

Very sheltered to extremely sheltered bedrock and stable boulders in the eulittoral zone that are subject to reduced salinity and characterised by the wrack Fucus ceranoides. Species richness is typic...


LR.HLR.FR.Mas Mastocarpus stellatus and Chondrus crispus on very exposed to moderately exposed lower eulittoral rock

Published date 2015-03

Exposed to moderately exposed lower eulittoral vertical to almost horizontal bedrock characterised by a dense turf of Mastocarpus stellatus and Chondrus crispus (either together or separately). Beneat...


LR.FLR.Lic.UloUro Ulothrix flacca and Urospora spp. on freshwater-influenced vertical littoral fringe soft rock

Published date 2015-03

An assemblage of the small un-branched filamentous green seaweeds Ulothrix flacca, Urospora penicilliformis and Urospora wormskioldii at High Water Spring Tide level on steep and vertical rock often i...


IR.HIR.KFaR.Ala.Myt Alaria esculenta, Mytilus edulis and coralline crusts on very exposed sublittoral fringe bedrock

Published date 2015-03

Very exposed sublittoral fringe bedrock characterised by the kelp Alaria esculenta and dense patches of small individuals of the mussel Mytilus edulis, both of which grow over a dense cover of encrust...


LR.FLR.CvOv.SpByAs Sponges, bryozoans and ascidians on deeply overhanging lower shore bedrock or caves

Published date 2015-03

Overhanging, and shaded vertical, bedrock on the lower shore and in lower shore caves, which is not subject to appreciable wave-surge, characterised by crusts of bryozoans including Oshurkovia littora...


IR.HIR.KSed.Sac Saccorhiza polyschides and other opportunistic kelps on disturbed sublittoral fringe rock

Published date 2015-03

Exposed low-lying reefs in the sublittoral fringe or upper infralittoral (generally above 5m depth), mainly in the southwest and west, dominated by the kelp Saccorhiza polyschides. This opportunistic ...


LR.MLR.MusF.MytPid Mytilus edulis and piddocks on eulittoral firm clay

Published date 2015-03

Clay outcrops in the mid to lower eulittoral which are bored by a variety of piddocks including Pholas dactylus, Barnea candida and Petricolaria pholadiformis. The surface of the clay is characterised...


SS.SMu.OMu.CapThy.Odub Capitella capitata, Thyasira spp. and Ophryotrocha dubia in organically-enriched offshore circalittoral sandy mud

Published date 2015-03

In deep offshore sandy mud adjacent to oil or gas platforms, organic enrichment from drill cuttings leads to the development of communities dominated by the pollution tolerant opportunist Capitella ca...



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