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SS.SCS.CCS.SpiB Spirobranchus triqueter with barnacles and bryozoan crusts on unstable circalittoral cobbles and pebbles

Published date 2015-03

This biotope is characterised by a few ubiquitous robust and/or fast growing ephemeral species which are able to colonise pebbles and unstable cobbles and slates which are regularly moved by wave and ...


LR.MLR.BF.Fser Fucus serratus on moderately exposed lower eulittoral rock

Published date 2015-03

Lower eulittoral bedrock and stable boulders on moderately exposed to sheltered shores with a canopy of the wrack Fucus serratus and an associated fauna consisting of the limpet Patella vulgata, the b...


SS.SMu.OMu.PjefThyAfil Paramphinome jeffreysii, Thyasira spp. and Amphiura filiformis in offshore circalittoral sandy mud

Published date 2015-03

Deep, offshore cohesive sandy mud communities characterised by the polychaete Paramphinome jeffreysii, bivalves such as Parathyasira equalis and Thyasira gouldi (sometimes in elevated densities) and t...


LR.FLR.Lic.Ver Verrucaria maura on littoral fringe rock

Published date 2015-03

Bedrock or stable boulders and cobbles in the littoral fringe which is covered by the black lichen Verrucaria maura. This lichen typically covers the entire rock surface giving a distinct black band i...


LR.HLR.FR.Mas Mastocarpus stellatus and Chondrus crispus on very exposed to moderately exposed lower eulittoral rock

Published date 2015-03

Exposed to moderately exposed lower eulittoral vertical to almost horizontal bedrock characterised by a dense turf of Mastocarpus stellatus and Chondrus crispus (either together or separately). Beneat...


SS.SCS.CCS.Blan Branchiostoma lanceolatum in circalittoral coarse sand with shell gravel

Published date 2015-03

Gravel and coarse sand with shell gravel often contains communities of robust venerid bivalves (SS.SCS.CCS.MedLumVen). Shallower examples, such as the biotope presented here, may support a significant...


SS.SSa.SSaVS.NintGam Neomysis integer and Gammarus spp. in fluctuating low salinity infralittoral mobile sand

Published date 2015-03

Upper estuary mobile fine muddy sands with very low fluctuating salinity characterised by the mysid shrimp Neomysis integer (see Arndt 1991) and amphipods of the genus Gammarus spp. This habitat has a...


SS.SMu.SMuVS.LhofTtub Limnodrilus hoffmeisteri, Tubifex tubifex and Gammarus spp. in low salinity infralittoral muddy sediment

Published date 2015-03

Upper estuary muddy sediments with very low fluctuating salinity, characterised by the oligochaetes Limnodrilus hoffmeisteri and Tubifex tubifex. Other taxa may include Marenzelleria wireni, Gammarus ...


IR.HIR.KSed.SlatSac Saccharina latissima and/or Saccorhiza polyschides on exposed infralittoral rock

Published date 2015-03

A forest or park of the fast-growing, opportunistic kelps Saccharina latissima and/or Saccorhiza polyschides often occurs on seasonally unstable boulders or sand/pebble scoured infralittoral rock. The...


SS.SMu.SMuVS.CapTubi Capitella capitata and Tubificoides spp. in reduced salinity infralittoral muddy sediment

Published date 2015-03

Reduced or variable salinity muddy sediment characterised by the Capitella capitata species complex with a relatively low species richness. Large numbers of the oligochaetes Tubificoides spp. may be f...



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