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LR.HLR.FT.FserT Fucus serratus, sponges and ascidians on tide-swept lower eulittoral rock

Published date 2015-03

Sheltered to extremely sheltered lower eulittoral bedrock, boulders and cobbles that are subject to increased tidal water movement and characterised by the wrack Fucus serratus and a rich assemblage o...


IR.HIR.KFaR.Ala.Myt Alaria esculenta, Mytilus edulis and coralline crusts on very exposed sublittoral fringe bedrock

Published date 2015-03

Very exposed sublittoral fringe bedrock characterised by the kelp Alaria esculenta and dense patches of small individuals of the mussel Mytilus edulis, both of which grow over a dense cover of encrust...


LS.LSa.MuSa.CerPo Cerastoderma edule and polychaetes in littoral muddy sand

Published date 2015-03

Extensive clean fine sand or muddy sand shores with abundant cockles Cerastoderma edule. The community consists of the polychaetes Eteone longa, Scoloplos armiger, Pygospio elegans, Spio filicornis an...


LR.HLR.FT.AscT Ascophyllum nodosum, sponges and ascidians on tide-swept mid eulittoral rock

Published date 2015-03

Very sheltered to extremely sheltered areas of mid eulittoral rock that are subject to strong to moderate tidal streams, such as the narrows in sea lochs, and characterised by the wrack Ascophyllum no...


IR Infralittoral rock (and other hard substrata)

Published date 2015-03

Infralittoral rock includes habitats of bedrock, boulders and cobbles which occur in the shallow subtidal zone and typically support seaweed communities. The upper limit is marked by the top of the ke...


CR.MCR.SfR.Hia Hiatella-bored vertical sublittoral limestone rock

Published date 2015-03

Moderately exposed vertical and overhanging soft rock (typically chalk), subject to moderately strong to weak tidal streams, bored by the rock-boring mollusc Hiatella arctica. As with other biotopes i...


LS.LBR.Sab.Salv Sabellaria alveolata reefs on sand-abraded eulittoral rock

Published date 2015-03

Exposed to moderately exposed bedrock and boulders in the eastern basin of the Irish Sea (and as far south as Cornwall) characterised by reefs of the polychaete Sabellaria alveolata. The sand based tu...


LR.MLR.BF.Fser Fucus serratus on moderately exposed lower eulittoral rock

Published date 2015-03

Lower eulittoral bedrock and stable boulders on moderately exposed to sheltered shores with a canopy of the wrack Fucus serratus and an associated fauna consisting of the limpet Patella vulgata, the b...


SS.SCS.ICS.SLan Dense Lanice conchilega and other polychaetes in tide-swept infralittoral sand and mixed gravelly sand

Published date 2015-03

Dense beds of Lanice conchilega occur in coarse to medium fine gravelly sand in the shallow sublittoral, where there are strong tidal streams or wave action. Several other species of polychaete also o...


LR.LLR.F.Pel Pelvetia canaliculata on sheltered littoral fringe rock

Published date 2015-03

Lower littoral fringe bedrock or stable boulders and mixed substrata in sheltered to extremely sheltered conditions characterised by a dense cover of the wrack Pelvetia canaliculata. The biotope may b...



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