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SS.SMu.CSaMu.AfilKurAnit Amphiura filiformis, Kurtiella bidentata and Abra nitida in circalittoral sandy mud

Published date 2015-03

Cohesive sandy mud off wave exposed coasts with weak tidal streams can be characterised by super-abundant Amphiura filiformis with Kurtiella bidentata and Abra nitida. This community occurs in muddy s...


IR.HIR.KFaR.LhypR.Ft Laminaria hyperborea forest with dense foliose red seaweeds on exposed upper infralittoral rock

Published date 2015-03

Very exposed to exposed upper infralittoral bedrock or large boulders characterised by a dense forest of the kelp Laminaria hyperborea. On the rock surface beneath the kelp canopy is a dense turf of r...


LS.LMu.UEst.Hed.Str Hediste diversicolor and Streblospio shrubsolii in littoral sandy mud

Published date 2015-03

Mud and sandy mud shores in sheltered marine inlets and estuaries subject to variable or reduced salinity. The biotope is typically found on the mid and lower shores and is often associated with shall...


SS.SSa.IFiSa.TbAmPo Semi-permanent tube-building amphipods and polychaetes in sublittoral sand

Published date 2015-03

Sublittoral marine sand in moderately exposed or sheltered inlets and voes in shallow water may support large populations of semi-permanent tube-building amphipods and polychaetes. Typically dominated...


SS.SMu.SMuVS.OlVS Oligochaetes in variable or reduced salinity infralittoral muddy sediment

Published date 2015-03

Reduced or variable salinity muddy and sandy mud sediments characterised by oligochaetes, particularly of the genus Tubificoides or from the Enchytraeidae family. The abundance of the oligochaetes may...


SS.SMp.Mrl.Pcal.R Phymatolithon calcareum maerl beds with red seaweeds in shallow infralittoral clean gravel or coarse sand

Published date 2015-03

Upper infralittoral maerl beds characterised by Phymatolithon calcareum in gravels and sand with a wide variety of associated red seaweeds. These algae typically include Dictyota dichotoma, Plocamium ...


SS.SMu.ISaMu Infralittoral sandy mud

Published date 2015-03

Infralittoral, cohesive sandy mud, typically with over 20% silt/clay, in depths of less than 15-20 m. This habitat is generally found in sheltered bays or marine inlets and along sheltered areas of op...


IR.FIR.SG.FoSwCC Foliose seaweeds and coralline crusts in surge gully entrances

Published date 2015-03

This biotope is found on steep wave-surged entrances to gullies and caves and on unstable boulders in the entrance to caves and gullies. The rock may be abraded by the movement of the boulders and cob...


CR.HCR High energy circalittoral rock

Published date 2015-03

This habitat complex occurs on extremely wave-exposed to exposed circalittoral bedrock and boulders subject to tidal streams ranging from strong to very strong. Typically found in tidal straits and na...


LS.LCS.Sh Shingle (pebble) and gravel shores

Published date 2015-03

Littoral shingle and gravel shores include shores of mobile pebbles and gravel, sometimes with varying amounts of coarse sand. The sediment is highly mobile and subject to high degrees of drying betwe...



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