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CR.FCR.FouFa Circalittoral fouling faunal communities

Published date 2015-03

This biotope complex contains two biotopes which, although have different physical habitat characteristics, share the fact that they colonise new areas of artificial substrata relatively quickly. The ...


LS.LBR.LMus.Myt.Sa Mytilus edulis beds on littoral sand

Published date 2015-03

This sub-biotope occurs on mid to lower shore sand and muddy sand. Mussels Mytilus edulis grow attached to shell debris and live cockles Cerastoderma edule, forming patches of mussels on consolidated ...


LS.LBR.LMus.Myt.Mx Mytilus edulis beds on littoral mixed substrata

Published date 2015-03

Mid and lower shore mixed substrata (mainly cobbles and pebbles on fine sediments) in a wide range of exposure conditions and with aggregations of the mussel Mytilus edulis colonising mainly the sedim...


CR.LCR.BrAs.AmenCio.Ant Solitary ascidians, including Ascidia mentula and Ciona intestinalis, with Antedon spp. on wave-sheltered circalittoral rock

Published date 2015-03

This variant occurs on circalittoral bedrock or boulder slopes in generally wave-sheltered conditions (often in sea lochs) with little tidal flow. It is frequently found on vertical or steeply-sloping...


LR.LLR.F.Fves.FS Fucus vesiculosus on full salinity moderately exposed to sheltered mid eulittoral rock

Published date 2015-03

Moderately exposed to sheltered mid eulittoral bedrock and large boulders characterised by a dense canopy of the wrack Fucus vesiculosus (Abundant to Superabundant). Beneath the seaweed canopy the roc...


CR.MCR.EcCr.FaAlCr.Adig Alcyonium digitatum, Spirobranchus triqueter, algal and bryozoan crusts on wave-exposed circalittoral rock

Published date 2015-03

This variant is typically found on the vertical, steep and upper faces of wave-exposed circalittoral bedrock or boulders subject to varying amounts of current. The variant has a very grazed, sparse ap...


SS.SCS Sublittoral coarse sediment (unstable cobbles and pebbles, gravels and coarse sands)

Published date 2015-03

Coarse sediments including coarse sand, gravel, pebbles, shingle and cobbles which are often unstable due to tidal currents and/or wave action. These habitats are generally found on the open coast or ...


LR.FLR.CvOv.ScrFa Sparse fauna (barnacles and spirorbids) on sand/pebble-scoured rock in littoral caves

Published date 2015-03

Upper to lower shore sand- or pebble-scoured cave walls characterised by an impoverished faunal assemblage which may include bryozoan crusts, scattered sponges Halichondria panicea, barnacles such as ...


CR.MCR.CSab.Sspi.ByB Sabellaria spinulosa with a bryozoan turf and barnacles on silty turbid circalittoral rock

Published date 2015-03

This variant is typically found encrusting the upper faces of exposed and moderately exposed circalittoral rock and mixed substrata, subject to strong and moderately strong currents and high turbidity...


M.AAUB.Co Atlanto-Arctic upper bathyal coarse sediment

Published date 2015-03

Deep-sea coarse sediment has not been sampled widely for infauna so little is currently known about infaunal community structure. Epifauna tend to be sparse mobile species or burrowing fauna such as a...



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