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Atlantic salmon [Salmo salar]

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Vertebrate species: fish Description and ecological characteristics The Atlantic salmon Salmo salar is an anadromous species (i.e. adults migrate from the sea to breed in freshwater). Spawning takes p...


Tilio-Acerion forests of slopes, screes and ravines

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Forests Description and ecological characteristics Tilio-Acerion ravine forests are woods of ash Fraxinus excelsior , wych elm Ulmus glabra and lime (mainly small-leaved lime Tilia cordata but more ra...


Calcareous fens with Cladium mariscus and species of the Caricion davallianae

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Raised bogs and mires and fens Description and ecological characteristics This Annex I type comprises the more species-rich examples of great fen-sedge Cladium mariscus fen, particularly those stands ...


Asperulo-Fagetum beech forests

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Forests Description and ecological characteristics This Annex I type occurs on circumneutral to calcareous soils. In the UK it mostly corresponds to NVC type W12 Fagus sylvatica – Mercurialis perennis...


Mediterranean and thermo-Atlantic halophilous scrubs (Sarcocornetea fruticosi)

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Marine, coastal and halophytic habitats Description and ecological characteristics This scrubby, halophilous (i.e. salt-tolerant) vegetation develops in the uppermost levels of saltmarshes, often wher...


Salicornia and other annuals colonising mud and sand

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Marine, coastal and halophytic habitats Description and ecological characteristics This pioneer saltmarsh vegetation colonises intertidal mud and sandflats in areas protected from strong wave action a...


Caledonian forest

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Forests Description and ecological characteristics Caledonian forest comprises relict, indigenous pine forests of Scots pine Pinus sylvestris var. scotica , and associated birch Betula spp. and junipe...


Old sessile oak woods with Ilex and Blechnum in the British Isles

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Forests Description and ecological characteristics This habitat type comprises a range of woodland types dominated by mixtures of oak ( Quercus robur and/or Q. petraea ) and birch ( Betula pendula and...


European dry heaths

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Temperate heath and scrub Description and ecological characteristics European dry heaths typically occur on freely-draining, acidic to circumneutral soils with generally low nutrient content. Ericaceo...


Calcareous and calcshist screes of the montane to alpine levels (Thlaspietea rotundifolii)

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Rocky habitats and caves Description and ecological characteristics Scree habitats consist of rock fragments covering the frost-shattered summits of mountains or accumulating on slopes below cliffs. C...



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