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SS.SSa.CFiSa.EpusOborApri Echinocyamus pusillus, Ophelia borealis and Abra prismatica in circalittoral fine sand

Published date 2015-03

Circalittoral and offshore medium to fine sand (from 40 m to 140 m) characterised by the pea urchin Echinocyamus pusillus, the polychaete Ophelia borealis and the bivalve Abra prismatica. Other specie...


SS.SMu.CFiMu Circalittoral fine mud

Published date 2015-03

Sublittoral muds, occurring below moderate depths of 15-20 m, either on the open coast or in marine inlets such as sea lochs. The seapens Virgularia mirabilis and Pennatula phosphorea are characterist...


SS.SMu.ISaMu.Cap Capitella capitata in enriched sublittoral muddy sediments

Published date 2015-03

The polychaete Capitella capitata (agg.) a widely occurring opportunist species complex that is particularly associated with organically enriched and polluted sediments (Warren 1977; Pearson & Rosenbe...


LR.HLR.FR.Coff Corallina officinalis on exposed to moderately exposed lower eulittoral rock

Published date 2015-03

Very exposed to moderately exposed lower eulittoral rock that supports a dense turf of the red seaweed Corallina officinalis, often on wave surged rocky slopes. There is usually a low abundance of oth...


SS.SMu.OMu.CapThy Capitella capitata and Thyasira spp. in organically-enriched offshore circalittoral mud and sandy mud

Published date 2015-03

In circalittoral and deep offshore mud and sandy mud adjacent to oil or gas platforms, organic enrichment from drill cuttings leads to the development of communities dominated by the Capitella capitat...


LR.MLR.BF.Fser.Pid Fucus serratus and piddocks on lower eulittoral soft rock

Published date 2015-03

The lower eulittoral zone on soft rock shores (e.g. chalk) characterised by the wrack Fucus serratus. Much of the community associated with this biotope is the same as the biotope Fserr.FS, but certai...


LR.FLR.Lic.Ver.B Verrucaria maura and sparse barnacles on exposed littoral fringe rock

Published date 2015-03

The littoral fringe of very exposed to moderately exposed rocky shores with a sparse covering of the barnacles Semibalanus balanoides and/or Chthamalus montagui over the black lichen Verrucaria maura....


LS.LMu.UEst.Hed.Ol Hediste diversicolor and oligochaetes in littoral mud

Published date 2015-03

A species-poor community found in mud or slightly sandy mud in low salinity conditions, typically at the head of estuaries. The infauna is dominated by the ragworm Hediste diversicolor which is typica...


LS.LSa.MoSa.Ol Oligochaetes in littoral mobile sand

Published date 2015-03

A species-poor community of oligochaetes occurring in estuarine conditions where sands and gravel are associated with the lower shore river channel in estuaries. The sediment is relatively coarse and ...


SS.SMp.KSwSS.SlatGraVS Saccharina latissima and Gracilaria gracilis with sponges and ascidians on variable salinity infralittoral sediment

Published date 2015-03

Shallow kelp community found on stony sediment, in extremely sheltered, variable salinity conditions, with moderately strong tidal currents. The community is characterised by a sparser covering of Sac...



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