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SS.SMp.SSgr Sublittoral seagrass beds

Published date 2015-03

Beds of seagrass (Zostera subg. Zostera marina or Ruppia spp.) in shallow sublittoral sediments. These communities are generally found in extremely sheltered embayments, marine inlets, estuaries and l...


SS.SMu.CSaMu.AfilKurAnit Amphiura filiformis, Kurtiella bidentata and Abra nitida in circalittoral sandy mud

Published date 2015-03

Cohesive sandy mud off wave exposed coasts with weak tidal streams can be characterised by super-abundant Amphiura filiformis with Kurtiella bidentata and Abra nitida. This community occurs in muddy s...


IR.HIR.KFaR.LhypFa Laminaria hyperborea forest with a faunal cushion (sponges and polyclinids) and foliose red seaweeds on very exposed upper infralittoral rock

Published date 2015-03

Very exposed and exposed, but wave-surged, upper infralittoral bedrock and massive boulders characterised by a dense forest of the kelp Laminaria hyperborea with a high diversity of seaweeds and inver...


SS.SSa.IFiSa.TbAmPo Semi-permanent tube-building amphipods and polychaetes in sublittoral sand

Published date 2015-03

Sublittoral marine sand in moderately exposed or sheltered inlets and voes in shallow water may support large populations of semi-permanent tube-building amphipods and polychaetes. Typically dominated...


SS.SMp.Ang Angiosperm communities in reduced salinity

Published date 2015-03

Lagoon communities, subject to reduced or low salinity conditions, dominated by angiosperms, including Stuckenia pectinata beds and fringing habitats with reeds Phragmites australis. No situation data...


CR.HCR.XFa.SpNemAdia Sparse sponges, Nemertesia spp. and Alcyonidium diaphanum on circalittoral mixed substrata

Published date 2015-03

This biotope is found on moderately wave-exposed sand-scoured, circalittoral boulders, cobbles and pebbles that are subject to moderately strong tidal streams (referred to as lag-cobbles locally). It ...


IR.HIR.KFaR.LhypR.Ft Laminaria hyperborea forest with dense foliose red seaweeds on exposed upper infralittoral rock

Published date 2015-03

Very exposed to exposed upper infralittoral bedrock or large boulders characterised by a dense forest of the kelp Laminaria hyperborea. On the rock surface beneath the kelp canopy is a dense turf of r...


LR.FLR.Rkp.FK.Sar Sargassum muticum in eulittoral rockpools

Published date 2015-03

Shallow rockpools throughout the eulittoral zone on exposed to moderately exposed shores dominated by the brown seaweed Sargassum muticum and the red seaweed Corallina officinalis. Other brown seaweed...


IR.FIR.SG.FoSwCC Foliose seaweeds and coralline crusts in surge gully entrances

Published date 2015-03

This biotope is found on steep wave-surged entrances to gullies and caves and on unstable boulders in the entrance to caves and gullies. The rock may be abraded by the movement of the boulders and cob...


SS.SMu.CSaMu.VirOphPmax.HAs Virgularia mirabilis and Ophiura spp. with Pecten maximus, hydroids and ascidians on circalittoral sandy or shelly mud with stones

Published date 2015-03

Circalittoral fine sandy mud with shell gravel and notable quantities of shells or small stones scattered over the sediment surface. These sediments, like SS.SMu.CSaMu.VirOphPmax, may contain Virgular...



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