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SS.SMx.IMx.Lim Limaria hians beds in tide-swept sublittoral muddy mixed sediment

Published date 2015-03

Mixed muddy gravel and sand often in tide-swept narrows in the entrances or sills of sea lochs with beds or 'nests' of Limaria hians. The Limaria form woven 'nests' or galleries from byssus and fragme...


IR.LIR Low energy infralittoral rock

Published date 2015-03

Infralittoral rock in wave and tide-sheltered conditions, supporting silty communities with Laminaria hyperborea and/or Saccharina latissima (K). Associated seaweeds are typically silt-tolerant and in...


SS.SCS.CCS.Blan Branchiostoma lanceolatum in circalittoral coarse sand with shell gravel

Published date 2015-03

Gravel and coarse sand with shell gravel often contains communities of robust venerid bivalves (SS.SCS.CCS.MedLumVen). Shallower examples, such as the biotope presented here, may support a significant...


SS.SMu.SMuVS.OlVS Oligochaetes in variable or reduced salinity infralittoral muddy sediment

Published date 2015-03

Reduced or variable salinity muddy and sandy mud sediments characterised by oligochaetes, particularly of the genus Tubificoides or from the Enchytraeidae family. The abundance of the oligochaetes may...


SS.SMu.SMuVS.LhofTtub Limnodrilus hoffmeisteri, Tubifex tubifex and Gammarus spp. in low salinity infralittoral muddy sediment

Published date 2015-03

Upper estuary muddy sediments with very low fluctuating salinity, characterised by the oligochaetes Limnodrilus hoffmeisteri and Tubifex tubifex. Other taxa may include Marenzelleria wireni, Gammarus ...


SS.SMu.SMuVS.CapTubi Capitella capitata and Tubificoides spp. in reduced salinity infralittoral muddy sediment

Published date 2015-03

Reduced or variable salinity muddy sediment characterised by the Capitella capitata species complex with a relatively low species richness. Large numbers of the oligochaetes Tubificoides spp. may be f...


LS.LSa.MuSa.MacAre Macoma balthica and Arenicola marina in littoral muddy sand

Published date 2015-03

Muddy sand or fine sand, often occurring as extensive intertidal flats both on open coasts and in marine inlets. The sediment is often compacted, with a rippled surface, areas of standing water, and g...


IR.HIR.KFaR Kelp with cushion fauna and/or foliose red seaweeds

Published date 2015-03

Rocky habitats in the infralittoral zone subject to exposed to extremely exposed wave action or strong tidal streams. Typically the rock supports a community of kelp Laminaria hyperborea with foliose ...


SS.SSa.SSaVS.NintGam Neomysis integer and Gammarus spp. in fluctuating low salinity infralittoral mobile sand

Published date 2015-03

Upper estuary mobile fine muddy sands with very low fluctuating salinity characterised by the mysid shrimp Neomysis integer (see Arndt 1991) and amphipods of the genus Gammarus spp. This habitat has a...


LS.LBR.LMus.Myt.Mx Mytilus edulis beds on littoral mixed substrata

Published date 2015-03

Mid and lower shore mixed substrata (mainly cobbles and pebbles on fine sediments) in a wide range of exposure conditions and with aggregations of the mussel Mytilus edulis colonising mainly the sedim...



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