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IR.FIR.IFou Infralittoral fouling seaweed communities

Published date 2015-03

Moderately exposed to wave-sheltered artificial substrata (such as steel wrecks/concrete pilings/cable debris etc) subject to moderately strong to weak tidal streams in the infralittoral zone. This bi...


IR.HIR.KSed.ProtAhn Polyides rotunda, Ahnfeltia plicata and Chondrus crispus on sand-covered infralittoral rock

Published date 2015-03

Low-lying rock surrounded by mobile sand and often subject to burying by the sand, with a turf of resilient red seaweeds Chondrus crispus, Polyides rotunda and Ahnfeltia plicata typically protruding t...


IR.LIR.IFaVS.CcasEin Cordylophora caspia and Einhornia crustulenta on reduced salinity infralittoral rock

Published date 2015-03

Shallow sublittoral rock in the upper estuary of one of the south-west inlets (Tamar) with very high turbidity and therefore no seaweeds. The brackish-water hydroid Cordylophora caspia and small colon...


SS.SMp.Ang.NVC S4 Phragmites australis swamp and reed beds

Published date 2015-03

Permanently low salinity muds or peaty muddy sands with some gravel which supports Phragmites australis reed beds. These reed beds are often found in enclosed water bodies influenced by freshwater inf...


SS.SMu.CSaMu.LkorPpel Lagis koreni and Phaxas pellucidus in circalittoral sandy mud

Published date 2015-03

In stable circalittoral sandy mud dense populations of the tube building polychaete Lagis koreni may occur. Other species found in this habitat typically include bivalves such as Phaxas pellucidus, Ku...


SS.SMx.IMx.SpavSpAn Sabella pavonina with sponges and anemones on infralittoral mixed sediment

Published date 2015-03

Muddy gravelly sand with pebbles off shallow, sheltered or moderately exposed coasts or embayments may support dense populations of the peacock worm Sabella pavonina. This community may also support p...


SS.SMu.CSaMu.AfilEten Amphiura filiformis and Ennucula tenuis in circalittoral and offshore sandy mud

Published date 2015-03

In cohesive and non-cohesive sandy mud, off moderately exposed coasts in deep water dense populations of Amphiura filiformis with the bivalve Ennucula tenuis may occur. This biotope together with SS.S...


SS.SBR.PoR.SspiMx Sabellaria spinulosa on stable circalittoral mixed sediment

Published date 2015-03

The tube-building polychaete Sabellaria spinulosa at high abundances on mixed sediment. This species typically forms loose agglomerations of tubes forming a low-lying matrix of sand, gravel, mud and t...


LS.LBR.Sab Littoral Sabellaria honeycomb worm reefs

Published date 2015-03

The sedentary polychaete Sabellaria alveolata (honeycomb worm) builds tubes from sand and shell. On exposed shores, where there is a plentiful supply of sediment, S. alveolata can form honeycomb reefs...


LS.LMp.LSgr Littoral seagrass beds

Published date 2015-03

Mid and upper shore wave-sheltered muddy fine sand or sandy mud with the narrow-leafed eel grass Zostera noltei at an abundance of frequent or above. Exactly what determines the distribution of Z. nol...



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