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IR.MIR.KR.LhypT.Ft Laminaria hyperborea forest, foliose red seaweeds and a diverse fauna on tide-swept upper infralittoral rock

Published date 2015-03

Exposed to moderately exposed, tide-swept bedrock and boulders, with dense Laminaria hyperborea forest, characterised by a rich under-storey and stipe flora of foliose seaweeds. The kelp stipes suppor...


IR.LIR.KVS.Cod Codium spp. with red seaweeds and sparse Saccharina latissima on shallow, heavily-silted, very sheltered infralittoral rock

Published date 2015-03

Very shallow, heavily-silted infralittoral rock characterised by dense stands of Codium spp., together with silt-tolerant red seaweeds, the green seaweed Ulva spp. and often only a sparse covering of ...


CR.FCR.FouFa.AdigMsen Alcyonium digitatum and Metridium senile on moderately wave-exposed circalittoral steel wrecks

Published date 2015-03

This biotope is found on moderately wave-exposed circalittoral steel wrecks that are subject to moderately strong to weak tidal streams. The vertical and upward facing sides of the wreck stand proud o...


IR.HIR.KFaR.FoR.Dic Foliose red seaweeds with dense Dictyota dichotoma and/or Dictyopteris polypodioides on exposed lower infralittoral rock

Published date 2015-03

A dense turf of foliose red seaweeds mixed with a dense turf of the foliose brown seaweeds Dictyota dichotoma and/or Dictyopteris polypodioides on exposed and moderately exposed lower infralittoral ro...


SS.SMu.SMuVS.AphTubi Aphelochaeta marioni and Tubificoides spp. in variable salinity infralittoral mud

Published date 2015-03

Variable salinity cohesive muddy sediment (sometimes with some coarser material) dominated by the polychaete Aphelochaeta marioni (or other Aphelochaeta species e.g. A. amplivasatus) and the oligochae...


IR.LIR.K.LhypLoch Mixed Laminaria hyperborea and Laminaria ochroleuca forest on moderately exposed or sheltered infralittoral rock

Published date 2015-03

Mixed Laminaria hyperborea and Laminaria ochroleuca forest on upper infralittoral moderately exposed or sheltered rock is restricted to the coast of Cornwall and the Isles of Scilly. Unlike L. hyperbo...


IR.FIR.IFou Infralittoral fouling seaweed communities

Published date 2015-03

Moderately exposed to wave-sheltered artificial substrata (such as steel wrecks/concrete pilings/cable debris etc) subject to moderately strong to weak tidal streams in the infralittoral zone. This bi...


IR.HIR.KSed.ProtAhn Polyides rotunda, Ahnfeltia plicata and Chondrus crispus on sand-covered infralittoral rock

Published date 2015-03

Low-lying rock surrounded by mobile sand and often subject to burying by the sand, with a turf of resilient red seaweeds Chondrus crispus, Polyides rotunda and Ahnfeltia plicata typically protruding t...


IR.LIR.IFaVS.CcasEin Cordylophora caspia and Einhornia crustulenta on reduced salinity infralittoral rock

Published date 2015-03

Shallow sublittoral rock in the upper estuary of one of the south-west inlets (Tamar) with very high turbidity and therefore no seaweeds. The brackish-water hydroid Cordylophora caspia and small colon...


SS.SMp.Ang.NVC S4 Phragmites australis swamp and reed beds

Published date 2015-03

Permanently low salinity muds or peaty muddy sands with some gravel which supports Phragmites australis reed beds. These reed beds are often found in enclosed water bodies influenced by freshwater inf...



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