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Asperulo-Fagetum beech forests

Published date

Forests Description and ecological characteristics This Annex I type occurs on circumneutral to calcareous soils. In the UK it mostly corresponds to NVC type W12 Fagus sylvatica – Mercurialis perennis...


Mediterranean and thermo-Atlantic halophilous scrubs (Sarcocornetea fruticosi)

Published date

Marine, coastal and halophytic habitats Description and ecological characteristics This scrubby, halophilous (i.e. salt-tolerant) vegetation develops in the uppermost levels of saltmarshes, often wher...


SS.SMu.ISaMu Infralittoral sandy mud

Published date 2015-03

Infralittoral, cohesive sandy mud, typically with over 20% silt/clay, in depths of less than 15-20 m. This habitat is generally found in sheltered bays or marine inlets and along sheltered areas of op...


SS.SBR.SMus.ModMx Modiolus modiolus beds on open coast circalittoral mixed sediment

Published date 2015-03

Muddy gravels and coarse sands in deeper water of continental seas may contain venerid bivalves with beds of Modiolus modiolus. The clumping of the byssus threads of the M. modiolus creates a stable h...


LR.FLR.CvOv.RpurCla Rhodochorton purpureum and Cladophora rupestris on upper to mid-shore cave walls

Published date 2015-03

Vertical and steeply-sloping upper walls at the entrances and inner reaches of upper to mid-shore caves that are partially sheltered from direct wave action characterised by a turf of the 'velvety' re...


CR.HCR High energy circalittoral rock

Published date 2015-03

This habitat complex occurs on extremely wave-exposed to exposed circalittoral bedrock and boulders subject to tidal streams ranging from strong to very strong. Typically found in tidal straits and na...


CR.LCR Low energy circalittoral rock

Published date 2015-03

This habitat complex occurs on wave-sheltered circalittoral bedrock and boulders subject to mainly weak/very weak tidal streams. The biotopes identified within this habitat complex are often dominated...


M.AtMB.Mu.CriCom Crinoid dominated community on Atlantic mid bathyal mud

Published date 2015-03

This broad community contains assembages where crinoids dominate the fauna. Crinoid assemblages are found typically in areas with higher current speeds that facilitate filter feeding, such as the shel...


LR.FLR.CvOv.BarCv Barren and/or boulder-scoured littoral cave walls and floors

Published date 2015-03

Mid and upper shore mobile boulders/cobbles on cave floors and the lower reaches of cave walls which are subject to scour are generally devoid of macro-fauna and flora. However, where light is availab...


M.ArLB Arctic lower bathyal

Published date 2015-03

Arctic waters are much cooler than Atlantic waters (typically below 0°C). Within the UK, Arctic seabed habitats occur at depths greater than 600 m in the Faroe-Shetland Channel. The Arctic lower bathy...



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